Elements Of Chemical Reaction Engineering (3rd ...
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Chemical reaction engineering (reaction engineering or reactor engineering) is a specialty in chemical engineering or industrial chemistry dealing with chemical reactors. Frequently the term relates specifically to catalytic reaction systems where either a homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst is present in the reactor. Sometimes a reactor per se is not present by itself, but rather is integrated into a process, for example in reactive separations vessels, retorts, certain fuel cells, and photocatalytic surfaces. The issue of solvent effects on reaction kinetics is also considered as an integral part.[1]
Chemical reaction engineering as a discipline started in the early 1950s under the impulse of researchers at the Shell Amsterdam research center and the university of Delft. The term chemical reaction engineering was apparently coined by J.C. Vlugter while preparing the 1st European Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering which was held in Amsterdam in 1957.
Chemical reaction engineering aims at studying and optimizing chemical reactions in order to define the best reactor design. Hence, the interactions of flow phenomena, mass transfer, heat transfer, and reaction kinetics are of prime importance in order to relate reactor performance to feed composition and operating conditions. Although originally applied to the petroleum and petrochemical industries, its general methodology combining reaction chemistry and chemical engineering concepts allows optimization of a variety of systems where modeling or engineering of reactions is needed. Chemical reaction engineering approaches are indeed tailored for the development of new processes and the improvement of existing technologies.
The most important series of symposia are the International Symposia on Chemical Reaction Engineering or ISCRE conferences.[2] These three-day conferences are held every two years, rotating among sites in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region, on a six-year cycle. These conferences bring together for three days distinguished international researchers in reaction engineering, prominent industrial practitioners, and new researchers and students of this multifaceted field. ISCRE symposia are a unique gathering place for reaction engineers where research gains are consolidated and new frontiers explored. The state of the art of various sub-disciplines of reaction engineering is reviewed in a timely manner, and new research initiatives are discussed.[3]
In 2016, the ISCRE, Inc. Board of Directors will bestow the first Rutherford Aris Young Investigator Award for Excellence in Chemical Reaction Engineering.[4] This award will recognize outstanding contributions in experimental and/or theoretical reaction engineering research of investigators in early stages of their career. The recipient must be less than 40 years of age at the end of the calendar year in which the award is presented. The Aris Award is generously supported by a grant from the UOP, L.L.C., a Honeywell Company. The award consists of a plaque, an honorarium of $3000, and up to $2000 in travel funds to present at an ISCRE/NASCRE conference and to present a lecture at UOP. This award complements ISCRE's other major honor, the Neal R. Amundson Award. Winners of the award include:
Topics include revision of reaction kinetics, mechanisms and rate equations; fundamentals of ideal reactor behaviour; design of batch, completely mixed and plug flow reactors for single and multiple reactions; multiple and recycle reactors; nonisothermal reactor design for reversible and irreversible first order reaction; residence time distribution (RTD); RTD modelling of non-ideal reactor behaviour; diffusion control heterogeneous reactions; runaway reactions and safety, and shrinking-core model. In this unit, students develop the ability to (1) apply knowledge of basic science and engineering fundamentals; (2) utilise a system approach to optimise design and operational performance; and (3) understand the need to undertake lifelong learning, and the capacity to do so.
Students are able to (1) apply their understanding of selection, design and size optimisation methods to single or multiple flow reactors for a range of reaction kinetics under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions; (2) analyse non-ideal flow reactors (PFR, CSTR and Laminar flow) via RTD; (3) explain the implications and mitigate runaway reactions; (4) solve problems involving diffusion-control reactions; (5) apply knowledge of conversion and non-ideal behaviour of flow reactors to interpret results of laboratory experiments; (6) demonstrate critical thinking and information literacy through clearly and concise technical reports; and (7) relate reaction engineering principles to the solution of heterogeneous reaction based problems.
Essentials of Chemical Reaction Engineering is a complete yet concise, modern introduction to chemical reaction engineering for undergraduate students. While the classic Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Fourth Edition, is still available, H. Scott Fogler distilled that larger text into this volume of essential topics for undergraduate students.
Markov chain models can be used to describe chemical reactions away from the thermodynamic limit [9]. When the system evolves stochastically, the all-encompassing chemical master equation (CME) can model the probability distribution of the system being at a particular state at time t [3,4]. 781b155fdc